Hydroinformatics ▪ Climate Change ▪ Remote sensing ▪ GIS ▪ Modelling
Interesados en realizar Tesis (Temas varios en GIS o PR)
Research under development
Figure. Landuse and landcover of the Chamela-Cuitzmala watershed obtained through the unsupervised classification of Landsat OLI (2019).
Figure. Landuse and landcover of the Lake Cuitzeo watershed obtained through the unsupervised classification of Landsat OLI (2019).
Software under Development (https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/sara4r/index.html)
Figure. Graphical user interface for sara4r. For more details, go to Software section (sara4r).
Figure. Land use and land cover of the Chamela Cuixmala Biosphere Reserve obtained through the unsupervised classification of a Sentinel-2 image (at 10 m resolution) of 2019
Nuevo Artículo Publicado
Hernández-Guzmán R., Escalera-Vázquez, L.H. and I. Suazo-Ortuño (2019). Predicting Ambystoma ordinarium distribution under different climate scenarios in Central Mexico. The Herpetological Journal, 29(2), 71-81. DOI: 10.33256/hj29.2.7181
Abstract
Global climate change represents one of the most important threats to wildlife populations. Amphibians, specifically
salamanders, are particularly susceptible to the effects of a changing climate due to their restrictive physiological requirements
and low vagility; however, little is known about which amphibian species are more vulnerable to climate change. Therefore,
we aimed to forecast changes in the distribution of the mountain stream salamander, Ambystoma ordinarium, using different climate scenarios. Approximately 70 representative presence records were selected to model the current potential distribution and two scenarios based on 2070 climate projections (RCP 2.6 and RCP 8.5) using the MaxEnt algorithm and three global climate models (BCC-CSM1-1, CCSM4 and HadGEM2-ES). A total of three scenarios were simulated using the 10-percentile training presence as the threshold rule. For all scenarios, the average of the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve for the replicated runs was greater than 0.95 ± 0.005, representing good performance for the current and projected geographical distributions of A. ordinarium. Under the most conservative scenario, of a total area of 45,876 km2, an average potential distribution area of 5,627 km2 was defined for current conditions, decreasing to 4,406 km2 for BCCCSM1-1 in the optimistic scenario (RCP 2.6) and decreasing to 4,020 km2 for CCSM4 in the pessimistic scenario (RCP 8.5). The results are useful for the development of future conservation plans, identifying landscapes with high probability to be further affected by climate change and to target potentially resilient habitats that provide consistent climatic conditions for A. ordinarium in the face of environmental changes.
Figure: Potential distribution models for the Michoacán stream salamander (A. ordinarium) calculated for both current and projected scenarios with three global climate models (BCC-CSM1-1, CCSM4 and HadGEM2-ES) and two representative concentration pathways (RCP 2.6 and 8.5). Warmer colours show areas with higher probabilities of occurrence.
Artículo Publicado
Ruiz-Luna, A., Bautista Baustista, R., Hernández-Guzmán, R., and V. Camacho-Valdez (2019). Uneven distribution of urban green spaces in a coastal city in northwest Mexico. Local Environment, 24(5), 458-472. DOI: 10.1080/13549839.2019.1590324
Abstract
Extent and distribution of urban green spaces (UGS) in Mazatlan (Mexico) are analysed using remote sensing and GIS techniques. Vegetated areas (2,270 ha), a third of the urban area in 2015, were reclassified into green spaces (GS), urban tree (UT) and open spaces (OS), based in the normalised difference vegetation index, relating them with demographic and socioeconomic data. UGS allocation per capita amount 55 m2, mainly represented by the UT class, with the largest patches associated with low developed and very high marginalised areas, and also with very low marginalised sectors, while the lowest allocation correspond to medium and low marginalisation, highly populated sector, without significant correlations. Despite the USG allocation, it is required a better urban planning to maintain public UGS and to protect the local flora, threatened by the introduction of exotic, ornamental species (64% of UT), to guarantee the provision of ecosystem services to the population.
Artículo Publicado
Hernández-Guzmán, R., Ruiz-Luna, A., González C. (2019). Assessing and modeling the impact of land use and changes in land cover related to carbon storage in a western basin in Mexico. Remote Sensing Applications: Society and Environment, 13, 318-327. DOI: 10.1016/j.rsase.2018.12.005
Abstract
In this study, we analyzed the land use and land cover (LULC) change in a hydrologic basin in the western coast of central Mexico and its regional variation in carbon storage. Three thematic maps (1986, 2001 and 2017) were produced by using pixel-based unsupervised classification techniques of Landsat images. LULC maps for 2017, 2033 and 2050 were modeled using a Cellular Automata Markov chain, validating their predictive power using Kappa variations. The InVEST software was used to estimate the carbon stored in four reservoirs, analyzing their variations over time (1986–2050). Accuracy assessment for the classifications revealed satisfactory results with an Overall accuracy of 83% and a Kappa coefficient of 0.76. Results show that the main landscape modifier was the exposed soils class increasing by 65% its extent in 1986, with a net increase around 87,900 ha. The evergreen forest (EF) and the tropical dry forest (TDF) classes showed a decrease along the period analyzed, displaying a net loss of 57,200 ha and 47,200 ha, respectively. Projected land cover changes followed the same trend observed, with a decreasing tendency in the EF and TDF coverages as consequence of exposed soil class increase. This change implies a reduction in the estimated total carbon stock, decreasing from 362.9 Tg C in 1986, to 336.2 Tg C in 2017. According to our model, if the trend detected in this analysis continues, it is expected a reduction to 317.9 Tg C in 2050. This approach combining Cellular Automata and Markov chain analysis with the InVEST model provides elements to estimate changes on carbon storage resulting from landscape changes. It also allows the identification of potential changes in the selected land use classes, providing with technical elements that could help to decision makers to better maintain the ecological integrity of the drainage basin.
Figure: Land use and land cover time-series for the hydrologic basin RH15 – Costa de Jalisco from un-supervised classification of Landsat TM, ETM+, and OLI imagery (1986, 2001, and 2017).
Artículo Publicado
Hernandez-Guzmán R., Ruiz-Luna A., Cervantes-Escobar A. (2019). Environmental flow assessment for rivers feeding a coastal wetland complex in the Pacific coast of northwest Mexico. Water and Environment Journal. DOI: 10.1111/wej.12423
Abstract
Hydrological variability is one of the main drivers for rivers structure, and functionality, making the environmental flow (EF) assessment a key element to understand some ecological processes depending on it. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the EF regime for the main rivers feeding a coastal wetland complex in northwest Mexico, following the hydrologic methodology officially approved by the Mexican National Water Commission based on daily data series (1975–2014). A mean annual runoff around 11 556 Mm3 was estimated to feed the Marismas Nacionales (MN) wetlands system from the discharge of seven rivers. It is expected that the estimated flows, regarded as necessary for the MN system to function properly as a whole, will change because of regional hydraulic infrastructure plans, threatening the discharge of the San Pedro and Baluarte rivers by reducing the flow significantly with negative effects on the MN wetlands.
Figure: Intra-annual variability of flows regimes (m3/s) by river draining in Marismas Nacionales system.
Afectación del Huracán Willa (categoría 3) en las costas de Nayarit
Imagen de la zona inundada por el desbordamiento de los ríos Acaponeta y San Pedro en el estado de Nayarit. Afectación causada por el Huracán Willa categoría 3. Imagen Sentinel 1 del 26 de Octubre de 2018.
Descargar imagen de alta resolución (INUNDACIÓN WILLA OCT 2018)
Stereo photogrametry with drone
TESIS CONCLUIDA (Octubre 2018)
Los vehículos aéreos no tripulados (VANT) representan una alternativa de bajo costo de las plataformas satelitales de Percepción Remota que, cuando están equipados con sensores adecuados, pueden producir datos a pequeña escala de forma rentable, con una combinación sin igual de resolución espacial y temporal. Son numerosos los estudios en los que datos a escala fina capturados por VANT han sido utilizados; por ejemplo, para medir las propiedades biofísicas de diferentes plantaciones, monitorear la recuperación de bosques tropicales secundarios, medir y monitorear las propiedades estructurales de bosques tropicales, mapeo de especies invasoras en bosques riparios, entre otros. Los VANT proporcionan una manera independiente para obtener imágenes con una alta cantidad y calidad de información, por lo que algunos autores sugieren que los VANT revolucionarán la ecología espacial. Estas capacidades aunadas al avance en las técnicas de fotogrametría pueden ser implementadas en sistemas metodológicos que permitan automatizar el procedimiento de medición y con ello obtener mejores estimaciones del volumen de carbono secuestrado por distintos sistemas forestales. Por lo anterior, el objetivo del trabajo es generar imágenes de alta resolución utilizando técnicas fotogramétricas a partir de fotografías adquiridas con drones, en diferentes configuraciones de paisaje, así como derivar productos cartográficos.
Algunas de las actividades a desarollar incluye:
1) Generar imágenes de alta resolución utilizando vehículos aéreos no tripulados (comúnmente conocidos como drones).
2) Clasificar el paisaje de las zonas cartografiadas mediante técnicas de análisis de imágenes basada en objetos.
3) Estimar la variabilidad estructural a partir de la nube de puntos generada.
4) Evaluar la precisión en la información obtenida de datos provenientes de VANT.